Twentieth Century Russia
Professor Knight
Outline #7

The Russian Civil War, 1918-1921

Membership in the Bolshevik Party.
	Feb. 1917--24,000
	March 1921--730,000

I.  The Participants
	The Red Army (Bolsheviks)
	White Armies (Anti-Bolsheviks)
		Admiral Kolchak (Siberia)
		Generals Denikin and Wrangel (The Volunteer Army, Southern Russia)
		General Yudinich (Ukraine and Estonia)
	Foreign Intervention
		British--Arkhangel'sk, Murmansk, Baku
		Japanese--Far East
		United States--Far East
		French--Southern Ukraine
		Poles--Western Ukraine
	"Greens"--Nestor Makhno, Peasant Uprisings.
	Kronstadt Rebellion (March 1921)

II. Events
	Summer 1918
		Left SR Uprising, Assassination Attempt on Lenin.
		Czech Battalion
		Murder of Imperial Family.
		"Komuch"--Committee of Members of the Constituent Assembly)
	1919--the Critical Year
		Kolchak offensive (Siberia, spring-summer)
		Denikin offensive (Southern Russia, summer, fall)
		Yudinich offensive (Northwest Russia, fall)
	The Polish campaign, 1920.

III.  Why the Bolsheviks won?
	The Red Army
		1921--5 million Red Army soldiers
		Lev Davydovich Trotsky, Commissar of War
		Dual Command--"Bourgeois Specialists" and Commissars
		The Military Opposition
	War Communism
		Nationalization
		Bourgeois specialists in Industry.
		Food Supply--"He who does not work, does not eat."
	Terror: Red and White
	Strategic Advantages
	Weakness of the Whites
	Attitude of the Peasantry