Twentieth Century Russia
Outline #15
Professor Knight

"High Stalinism" 1945-1953

I.  The Legacy of War

	27 Million killed.
		Gender imbalance: 88 men for every 100 women.
		2.5 out of 4.8 million Jews killed.
	25 Million homeless.
	Food shortages

II.  Rebuilding the Soviet Union
	Stalin's approach--"Back to the future"
		Return to 1930s
	Famine of 1946-47
	Currency Reform, 1947
	Industrial Debates
		Grigory Malenkov--favors light industry, consumer goods
		Andrei Zhdanov--favors heavy industry, defense production

III. High Stalinism
	Revival of Terror
		Prisoners of Wars, Forced laborers arrested after repatriation.
		Released prisoners re-arrested
	Cultural Crackdown
		Zhdanov targets intelligentsia
			Mikhail Zoshchenko
			Anna Akhmatova
			Fadeev's Young Guard
	Science
		Physics--efforts to build atom bomb
		Biology--Trofim Lysenko ascendent
			Liquidated of genetics as a science
	The Leningrad Affair
	Anti-Semitism
	Stalin's Condition.
		70th Birthday Celebrations, 1949--height of cult.
		Heightened Paranoia
		Old Guard falls under Shadow
		1950--article on linguistics
		1953--The Doctor's Plot
	Death of Stalin--March 9th, 1953
	500 Mourners trampled to death in Red Square

IV. The Cold War

    Immediate Post-War Period: 1945-47
	Reparations issue
	Eastern Europe--"Friendly Governments"
	Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary--Coalition Governments
	Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia--Communists dominant

    The Turning Point, 1947
	Churchill's "Iron Curtain Speech  (1946)
	Greek Civil War
	"The Truman Doctrine" (1947)
	The Marshal plan

    Cold War 
	Polish "elections", (1947)
	Communist coups, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, (1948)
	Berlin Blockage (1948-49)
	Break with Yugoslavia (1948)
	Chinese Revolution
	Doctrine of "Containment"
		Mr X article (George Kennan, 1948)