Imperial Russia
Professor Knight
January 18, 2000

                   Seventeenth Century Russia

Founding of St. Petersburg, 1703

I.  	The Russian Orthodox Church
     		The Heritage of Byzantium
     		Moscow as the Third Rome
     		Monasticism, Other-worldliness
     		Sobornost': Collective salvation
     		Patriachs

II.  	The Autocracy
     		Romanov Tsars
          	Mikhail Fedorovich (1613-1645)
          	Aleksei Mikhailovich (1645-1675)
          	Fedor Alekseevich (1675-1682)
     		Autocracy: "Patrimonial Power" of the Tsars.
          	Subjects as Slaves of the Tsar' (Kholop tvoi)

III.  Aristocrats and Servitors
     		Boyars, Dumnye liudi, Stol'niki, Okolnichyi, (high service ranks)
          	Importance of proximity to the Tsar
    		Mestnichestvo (service precidence)

IV.  Processes of Change
     	Warfare: Gunpowder revolution, Wars with Poland, Sweden, Ottoman Empire
     		Expansion: Absorption of Eastern Ukraine, 1667.
          	Bodgan Khmelnitskii
     	Enserfment of Peasantry
     	Church Schism
          	Patriach Nikon, Nikonian Reforms
          	Old Believers (Raskolniki): Archpriest Avvakum, Boiarynia Morozova
     	Rebellion
          	Stepan Razin (late 1660s): Cossacks
          	Urban Rebellions: 1648, 1663, 1682)
     	Western Influences:
          	Mercenaries, Technical specialists
          	"German Quarter" (Nemetskaia sloboda)
          	Ukrainian influences: 1660s onward