Imperial Russia
Outline #18
Professor Knight

The Crisis of the Autocracy:  1894-1905

I.  Industrialization
	Diplomatic Revolution
		Kaiser Wilhelm II dissolves Triple Alliance (Russia, Prussia, Austria)
		Franco-Russian Alliance (1893)
	Sergei Witte: Minister of Finance, Mastermind of Russian Industrialization
	Friedrich List
	"Substitution" (State plays the role of the bourgeoisie)
	Results of Industrialization
		8-9% annual growth, 1894-1900
		Industrial output doubles in key industries
		Russia fifth in total industrial output
			Second place in railroad mileage
			Largest Oil Producer
	Economic downturn after 1900

II.  Russian Society in the 1890s
	Problem of Social Identity:  Occupation vs Estate (Soslovie)

III.  Nicholas II (rules 1894-1917)
	Rejects "Senseless Dreams" of liberal reform
	Khodynka field incident
	The burden of autocracy

IV.  Radical Movement
	Founders of Russian Marxism
		Georgy Plekhanov, Pavel Akselrod, Vera Zasulich
	Marxist theory
		Materialism
		Historicism
		Dialectics
	Vladimir Ilich Lenin (Ul'ianov)
		"What is to be Done" (1902)
	Marxist Heresies
		Economism, Revisionism, Legal Marxism
	The Socialist Revolutionary Party (Populists)